Managerial Levels Dimensions

Technicians with Titles

First-Line Managers

Middle and Senior Managers

F

p

M ± SD

M ± SD

M ± SD

Assessing

35.81 ± 9.14

37.53 ± 6.11

38.3 ± 5.07

1.19

>0.05

Challenging

50.83 ± 12.4

54.06 ± 8.33

57.95 ± 6.58

5.16

<0.01

Supporting

66.13 ± 16.71

71.98 ± 11.87

72.89 ± 8.2

3.25

<0.05